As the world shifts toward renewable energy sources, offshore technologies are playing an increasingly important role. Hybrid platforms that combine multiple energy sources, such as wind, tidal, and wave energy, present promising opportunities for sustainable and continuous energy generation (Figure 1). However, effectively managing the energy produced and integrating it into the electrical grid demand sophisticated optimization strategies. The inherent variability of natural resources, such as fluctuating wind speeds or tidal patterns, requires advanced control mechanisms. To ensure a stable energy supply and meet demand despite these fluctuations, the integration of energy storage systems becomes crucial. These storage systems help smooth out the inconsistencies in production, storing excess energy during peak production times and releasing it when production dips, thereby ensuring a reliable and steady power output. This approach not only stabilizes the supply but also enhances the resilience and flexibility of the grid in accommodating renewable energy sources.
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